Do Things Have to Be Scientifically Proven to Be True? Essay

Typically things do need to be logically demonstrated to turn out to be valid. For example in a claim in which the court is attempting to decide whether a specific man is a dad of an infant, similarly for instance, a logical procedure must occur in which the DNA of the dad and the infant are tried for likenesses. At that point reality will show up once the outcomes from a hereditary research facility show up. Another model is in the event that they need to discover the killer of a wrongdoing and there was blood of the killer at the wrongdoing scene they could likewise experimentally check if the genuine killer is equivalent to the individual blamed. Other than claims, things likewise must be experimentally demonstrated consistent with be acknowledged by the general public. For example a worldwide temperature alteration, in the event that somebody basically expresses that an Earth-wide temperature boost is among us the way that individuals are going to think that its actual is thin. B e that as it may if that equivalent individual upheld his case experimentally with proof, for example, expressing that the Glaciers are liquefying, plants and creatures are being constrained from their living space, and the quantity of serious tempests and dry spells is expanding, at that point his case would be acknowledged. Nonetheless, there is the contention that individuals felt that their speculations were reality yet at this point as more headways in science are being caused we to understand that these hypotheses are wrong. For example, in the late 1800’s Joseph John Thomson saw that a molecule is an accused circle of electrons inside, and as per his hypothesis he concocted the â€Å"plum cake† model. Around then, his model was sufficient to clarify numerous physical and compound marvels, for example, electrolysis and electron emanation, and consequently, it was acknowledged in the general public. In any case, Ernest Rutherford with the magnifying lens and radiation of alpha particles he had the option to emerge to another end wherein he thought of another model known as the planetary model of the molecule. There is likewise another point of view to logical truth, that it can never be accomplished since there is no likelihood that something is a hundred percent valid, there are consistently special cases to each standard. Likewise there is no conceivable method to demonstrate the presence of numerous things for example gravity, anyway we accept that the law of gravity is valid yet there is no immediate evidence of its reality. Another model would be the standard that expresses that an article will move in an orderly fashion except if a power follows up on it to change that movement, it is highly unlikely to demonstrate that standard since there will consistently be a power following up on it whether it is the power of gravity, or even the gravitational draw between two items. In any case this standard is accepted to be deductively obvious. As Nicholas Alchin referenced in his book Theory of Knowledge, â€Å"This is the pith of logical truth: it can never be demonstrated tentatively tha t it is right, yet it very well may be demonstrated that it is wrong.†

Software Piracy :: Free Essay Writer

Programming Piracy Programming Piracy: A Big Crime With Big Consequences Imaging for a second that you go over an ad saying you can get together with a person who will break into a store, incapacitate the entirety of the cautions and will hold the entryway open for you as you stroll inside and take anything you wish. This criminal offense happens each day on PC frameworks around the globe including the web. This is an intense issue and is extremely hard to evade. Each PC client is both enticed and drenched in programming theft in its numerous structures. One of the most upsetting realities behind this wrongdoing is that numerous individuals who take part in the circulation of business programming don't realize they are carrying out a wrongdoing. Programming theft is an intense and across the board wrongdoing that must be recognized and managed. Programming robbery is the unapproved duplication or potentially circulation of copyrighted projects. There are two different ways to be engaged with programming robbery. The first is help. Help is the intentional duplicating of copyrighted programming and circulating it. A model would be a MIT understudy named David LaMacchia. This individual served and kept up a PC that was associated with the web that offered it's clients more than one million dollars worth of programming 'for nothing out of pocket.' Mr. LaMacchia was gotten by the specialists and was absolved of this robbery because of the absence of legitimate guidelines for this wrongdoing. Another model is off neighborhood notice board frameworks. Many are come up short on the wrongdoers homes with only a telephone line, a PC and a modem. Here individuals from this administration can send and get pilfered programming (also called 'warez') as their own pace and recreation. There are not only a couple of these announcement sheet s around there are in actuality many. Most live in huge urban communities and the wrongdoers are as a rule minors. As the PC increases a progressively steady hang on our general public these notice sheets are supplanted by the ones that are connected to the web. By this people can namelessly put out copyrighted programming for the utilization of any unknown client of the web, for example, the sort of framework that Mr. LaMacchia ran. The subsequent method to be engaged with programming theft is to be in a bad way.

Differences Between Depression, Bipolarism, and PBA

Differences Between Depression, Bipolarism, and PBA Bipolar Disorder Print Differences Between Depression, Bipolarism, and PBA By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 09, 2020 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights Michael Rowe/Getty Images A patient comes to a psychiatrist because hes having sudden bouts of crying for no apparent reason. The doctor diagnoses depression and prescribes an antidepressant. The patients crying episodes are reduced, but there is still a problem. Another patient sees her doctor because shes experiencing unexplained crying and laughing. She may be diagnosed with bipolar disorder and treated as such. In both cases, the diagnosis may be correct, but the reason for these bursts of uncontrollable crying and, less often, laughing may be due to an illness called pseudobulbar affect (PBA). (The illness may be known by several names, and more recently has been called involuntary emotional expression disorder, or IEED.) The main symptom of PBA is sudden, unexplained and unstoppable crying that occurs multiple times a day for no apparent reason. Similarly, sudden laughing can also occur as well as bursts of anger. Very often, patients become socially isolated out of embarrassment, which can lead to other depressive symptoms. What Is PBA? Pseudobulbar affect is a condition that occurs due to other neurologic conditions and may occur in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrigs Disease), multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimers disease, and Parkinsons disease. Traumatic brain injury via accident or stroke may cause PBA to appear as well.?? Sometimes PBA symptoms uncover a hidden brain injury. Although the illness was described over a century ago, it continues to be misdiagnosed with great frequency. Part of the reason is that it can cause depression, as well as lead to other symptoms associated with both depression and bipolar illness. In addition, people with the illnesses PBA is associated with, such as multiple sclerosis, often also have depression or bipolar symptoms. And finally, treatments for mood disorders generally do have some effect in reducing the symptoms of PBA, though frequently not enough to allow the patient to feel normal again. A major study found that 51 percent of people with PBA reported spending little to no time with friends and family, and 57 percent little to no time talking on the telephone.?? Thus the impact on daily life and functioning of this illness is extreme. Between PBA and Mood Disorders The primary difference between pseudobulbar affect and other mental illnesses like depression and bipolar are that the outbursts of crying, laughing and/or anger happen for no reason with PBA; these last a very short time and can occur many times in the course of a day. Still, one can see where a patient who only has bouts of crying might be diagnosed with depression, especially since one study found that almost 90 percent of PBA patients also had significant depressive symptoms.?? Since social withdrawal/isolation is so often a symptom of major depressive episodes, the reason for it has to be determined. In depression and bipolar disorder, this is a primary symptom, while in PBA, it happens because patients are fearful of being in social situations. Imagine bursting out laughing during a funeral, or suddenly crying in the middle of a board meeting. Such events could easily make a person avoid any situation where PBA symptoms would be inappropriate and embarrassing. Some symptoms of depressive episodes arent associated with PBA, such as changes in appetite and inappropriate feelings of hopelessness or guilt. Treatment Its only recently that a treatment specifically for PBA was found, and then only by accident. Researchers were testing a combination of two drugs to see if it helped symptoms of ALS, and although there was no effect on ALS, those patients who had PBA reported that the experimental treatment decreased their laughing and/or crying. The treatment combination for PBA consists of dextromethorphan and quinidine, a heart medication.?? Although dextromethorphan is a common ingredient in cough medicines, patients should not try to self-medicate for PBA, as the prescription medication is quite different. More research is needed to determine whether the drug is safe for people with disorders like Parkinsons disease. There are concerns about problems arising from mixing it with medications for these illnesses. In addition, patients taking antidepressants that act on serotonin, or those with any risk of heart rhythm problems, need particular cautions. Diagnosis or Misdiagnosis? Some reliable tests for PBA have been developed, and more are in the works. Because so many people are misdiagnosed as having depression, bipolar, or other illnesses such as anxiety disorders or even schizophrenia, its impossible to know how many people in the U.S. actually have pseudobulbar affect. Estimates put the number of patients with PBA between one and two million. With time and education, more people will be identified as having PBA and have access to proper treatment.

Essay The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich...

The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, outlines how a society should be run under communism. The document provides truths to what is wrong with society; what causes these wrongs; how they can be fixed; and how this relates to humans and nature. Marx was a political philosopher of German ancestry. Marx and Engels split the document up into four sections: Section 1: Bourgeois and Proletarians, section 2: Proletarians and Communists, section 3: Socialists and Communist literature, and section 4: Positions of the Communists in relation to the Various Existing Opposition Parties. The first section, Bourgeoisie and Proletarians, focuses on the†¦show more content†¦As a result, Marx states, society changed to functioning purely on money.(1) Through all of this the bourgeoisie came to power. In the shadow of the bourgeois arose the proletarians, the lower class. The proletarians life was based around the struggle to find work and survive. Marx describes the proletarians as slaves just people used for labor. The proletarians were involved in an everlasting struggle with the bourgeoisie. With common backgrounds and equally low wages, the proletarians began to form groups and unions. The second section, Proletarians and Communists, describes the role of the communist in relation to the role of the proletarian. The communists side with the proletarians and share a common goal. â€Å"The immediate aim of the Communist is the same as that of all the other proletarian parties: formation of the proletariat into a class, overthrow of the bourgeois supremacy, conquest of political power by the proletariat.†(1) Marx then goes on to state that communism wants to abolish private property from the bourgeoisie, saying that: â€Å"Bourgeois private property is the final and most complete expression of the system of producing and appropriating products, that is based on class antagonisms, on the exploitation of the many by the few.†(1) MarxShow MoreRelatedThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels Essay929 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Communist Manifesto† – the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels was published on February 21 , 1848. This book is the first document of scientific communism and the first program of the international communist organizations and parties. It is the most systematic work of all thoughts and great teachings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. â€Å"The Communist Manifesto† consists of the main statements of the materialistic conception of history, the impartial laws of social development, the laws ofRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels1746 Words   |  7 Pagesdrawn on what the government can do that is acceptable. Niccolo Machiavelli wrote The Prince, in which he argues that people are naturally immoral and will do what they can, whether good or bad, to maintain well-liked. In The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, the main argument is that humans are rational and would be able to govern themselves as a result of have one single class. When thoroughly analyzing each of the political works, it is clear that the main motiva ting factorsRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels1255 Words   |  6 PagesThe Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to begin explaining Communism and its goals. The Manifesto suggests that history acts according to what is called â€Å"class struggle.† The â€Å"means of production† are what truly defines the class relationships according to Marx and Engels (Marx 2002). Inevitably, the classes conflict and become hostile, no longer moving fluidly (Spalding 2000). The Manifesto states that this conflict becomes so severe that it eventually becomes a revolutionRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels2286 Words   |  10 PagesIn 1847, a group of radical workers who were called the â€Å"Communist League† met in London. During this meeting, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were commissioned to write a manifesto which soon became known as the Communist Manifesto. â€Å"A road map to history’s most important political document.† These words on the cover of one of the books newest editions to The Communist Manifesto represents that this document has been translated into many different form; this particular remake was meant for all levelsRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels831 Words   |  4 PagesNovember 4, 2015 COMM 8200 Analysis of The Communist Manifesto A spectre is haunting Europe--the spectre of Communism. The Communist Manifesto reflects an attempt by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to explain the goals of Communism, as well as the theory behind the movement. Marx sees all of Europe allied against the idea of communism and consistently demonizes it and its followers. This caused the Communists to assemble in London and create this Manifesto in order to make their views public and clarifiedRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto, By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesThe Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto was drafted under the commission of the Communist League, a body that consisted of a group of radical workers who were disgruntled by the abject poverty of the working class in industrialized Europe. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, the authors of the Communist Manifesto, lived at a time when the gap between the rich and the poor was becoming evidently wide, and the working class was struggling to survive. The Communist Manifesto is a result of contextRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto, By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels1000 Words   |  4 Pagesis the history of class struggles† (Marx). In the year 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels decided to publish a manifesto after sitting down and sharing ideas for a period of time. Today, that piece of writing is known as The Communist Manifesto. In this book, Marx, the principal author stated that escaping from alienation required a revolution. That was the only possible way in which a political as well as a socia l change could have been seen. Therefore, Marx’ theory implied the use of violenceRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels835 Words   |  4 Pages The Communist Manifesto is written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels which was published by a group of German born revolutionary socialists known as the Communist League. The main idea in this book is define the goals and theory of Communism. It explains how classes affect one another as well. This book consists of four different chapters which display Marx’s approach on Communism in different circumstances. This book is about Marx’s perspective on Communism, its effects, how it is criticized,Read MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels1212 Words   |  5 PagesThe history of all hithero existing society is the history of class struggle. (Marx Engels 1848). This statement establishes the setting for the Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. A bold proclamation, the Communist Manifesto set the stage at the time for illustrating, so distinctly, a prolonged tension between two opposing and intertwined classes of a capitalis tic economy. Still resonating in contemporary society, class struggle, especially between these two classesRead MoreManifesto Of The Communist Party, Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels927 Words   |  4 Pages In Manifesto of the Communist Party, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels outline the issues associated with the division of society into two groups: the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie is a group that encompasses modern capitalists. The proletariat group pertains to the modern working class. While these two groups appear in today’s world, the authors make it evident that all throughout history there has been a division in society between oppressors and oppressed. They mention that in

Honoring The Veterans Essays - 1403 Words

Honoring the Veterans What is Honor Flight? It is an amazing organization that honors World War II and Korean veterans. The veterans go to Washington D.C. to see their monuments for an entire day and some even go for multiple days. The veterans finally get to see the monuments that were built for them. The Korean War memorial, the World War II memorial, and the beginning of Honor Flight all have a great story. Honor Flight is one the widest known organization that is dedicated to veterans. Honor Flight was started by Earl Morse, a retired Air Force Captain and formal physician’s assistant at the Department of Veteran Affairs. He thought of the idea after seeing World War II veterans being upset by the idea of never being able to see the†¦show more content†¦Honor Flight is very obvious about what they are doing for the veterans. Honor Flight’s Mission Statement is â€Å"Transport Americas veterans to Washington, D.C. to visit those memorials dedicated to honor their service and sac rifices.† Their Goal is: â€Å"Helping every single veteran in America, willing and able of getting on a plane or a bus, visits THEIR memorial.† Their Priority is: â€Å"Top priority is given to Americas most senior heroes — survivors of World War II and any veteran with a terminal illness who wishes to visit THEIR memorial. The program will naturally transition to Korean War, Vietnam War and all other veterans who served, on a chronological basis.† The eligibility to go on an Honor Flight is â€Å"All men and women serving stateside or overseas.† Their philosophy is: â€Å"Since America felt it was important to build a memorial to the service and the ultimate sacrifice of her veterans, the Honor Flight Network believes its equally important that they actually get to visit and experience THEIR memorial.† (About Honor Flight Network, 2007). Finally, their motto is a quote Will Rogers â€Å"We can’t all be heroes. Some of us have to sta nd on the curb and clap as they go by.† (About Honor Flight Network, 2007). The World War II Memorial gives honor to the 16 million Americans who served during this terrible war (World War II Memorial, 2013). On May 25, 1993, President Clinton signed a law saying that the American Battle Monuments CommissionShow MoreRelatedSpeech On Furthering Our Nation1157 Words   |  5 Pagesyet it is still safe to go out on a Saturday night or to the mall safely due to our protectors. Recently in Venice, California on Memorial Day, the Veterans Memorial, painted on the side of a metro building, was covered in graffiti. The graffiti could not be removed without destroying the whole mural and the damage was extensive. Disrespecting veterans and destroying property was the outcome of this stunt (Gerber and Grad). Soldiers make a hidden difference everyday and many citizens never stepRead MoreA Brief Note On The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund ( Vvmf )1141 Words   |  5 Pagessocial problems of its veterans. There were few attempts to honor Vietnam veterans until 1978, when an insignificant and ambiguous plaque was placed behind the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Visiting the Vietnam Veterans Memorial†). One year later, Jan Scruggs (a wounded Vietnam veteran) founded the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund (VVMF), which sought private funds from both war supporters and opponents to build a memorial honoring the veterans but not the conflict. Honoring the men and women whoRead MoreThe Navajo Code Talkers in World War II1536 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Choctaw Indians (Meadows, â€Å"Honoring†). â€Å"Because the Native languages were not based on European languages or mathematical progressions, the Germans were never able to understand the transmissions† (Meadows, â€Å"Honoring†). In fact, the Central Intelligence Agency called the Choctaw â€Å"instrumental† in the attacks on Germans in WWI (â€Å"Navajo- Unbreakable Code†). Because of this success, Native American code talkers were again called upon in World War II (Meadows, â€Å"Honoring†). Even though Germany and JapanRead MoreEssay about Unique Design of the Vietnam War Memorial885 Words   |  4 Pagesdesign formed into the most unique memorial structure of its kind, which honors all who served in the Vietnam War (Colliers 23: 137). The official name given to the monument was the Vietnam Veterans memorial. In this name alone it is clear that it was not erected for the sole purpose of honoring only those who were lost in the conflict. The term KIA was the abbreviation used for those people who were killed in action, and these people represent 47,000 of the 58,000 names on the wall. TheRead MoreThe Department Of Veterans Affairs889 Words   |  4 PagesThe Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is a health care system that offers programs to benefit veterans and their families. Benefits include, but are not limited compensation payments for disabilities or death related to military service, pensions, education, health care and rehabilitation. The Department of Veteran Affairs functions as the nation’s largest integrated health care system, with more than 1,700 hospitals, clinics, community living centers, domiciliary, readjustment counseling centersRead MoreFukushima Informative Speech Essays777 Words   |  4 PagesFukushima Daiichi cleanup workers are incredibly brave. Today, I would like to tell you about the bravery of the Fukushima 50, the Skilled Veterans Corps, and the Fukushima Firefighters. Body: 1) The Fukushima 50 are a group of 50 workers who remained to clean up the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant a. The name â€Å"Fukushima 50† was created by the media honoring these workers i. It was an endearing name given to these brave men who stayed behind to defuse the nuclear meltdown. ii. These men knewRead MoreRole As A Nurse Leader955 Words   |  4 Pagesthe primary health care provider for almost 130,000 veterans in southeast Texas. Veterans from around the country are referred to the MEDVAMC for specialized diagnostic care, radiation therapy, surgery, and medical treatment including cardiovascular surgery, gastrointestinal endoscopy, nuclear medicine, ophthalmology, and treatment of spinal cord injury and diseases. Almost 4,000 health care professionals provide high quality care to our Veterans. For more than 50 years, the MEDVAMC has provided clinicalRead MoreDon t Laugh At Me, Laugh With Me ! Supported By The Wounded Veterans998 Words   |  4 PagesDon’t laugh at me, laugh with me! Supported by the Wounded warrior project a group of wounded veterans have found a way to use laughter to uplift society without being affected by the emotional or physical tragedy that they have been through. The purpose of not allowing the tragedy to turn them away fr om a pleasant or positive state of being. The Comedy warriors are made of five wounded veterans from different wars. Watching the dvd of the comedians is a delightful way to be entertained, but itRead MoreThe Day Of The World War I1370 Words   |  6 PagesYears later in 1938, Congress passed the 11th of November as a legal holiday; in 1954, the holiday was renamed Veterans Day to include an honoring to all military personnel and committees (â€Å"Office of Public Affairs†). Veterans Day was a highly respected and celebrated day; there were parades, banquets, services, recognitions, and anything else that could be a celebration. Now however, Veterans Day is celebrated with one major publicized memorial at Arlington, posts on social media from people who hardlyRead MoreHealth Care Interview1157 Words   |  5 Pagescomprehensive description of my cousin, and her responsibilities. The facility that my cousin works at is The Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital. The purpose of this facility is to fulfill President Lincolns promise â€Å"To care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his orphan† by serving and honoring the men and women who are America’s veterans. The particular unit she works for is the Medical Surgical Unit. Some of the types of work done in this unit is to consult

Cougars Case Free Essays

Investment Management Case 1 COUGARS TEAM8: Kun Mao Xiaobin Yang Ruoxi Cao Yang Qiao Jing Liu Riskless zero-coupon bond is the bond bought at a price lower than its face value, with the face value repaid at the time of maturity. The zero-coupon bond is riskless because the investors know exact money they will receive when the bond is maturity. The investors purchase the bond in a lower price and get more money. We will write a custom essay sample on Cougars Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now No coupon is paid before maturity. The investors do not need to pay interest. Besides, because zero-coupon bond is riskless, the bondholders are willing to hold it for long-term investment in order to diversity the portfolio. So it is important in the fixed income security market. If a bond trades at a discount, its yield to maturity will exceed its coupon rate. Zero coupon bonds always sells at a discount. The sensitivity of a bond’s price to changes in interest rates is measured by the bond’s duration. A bond with high durations,its price is highly sensitive to interest rate changes. In other words, the prices of bonds with low durations are less sensitive to interest rate changes. That means interest rates of longer-term bonds are higher than shorter-term bonds’. The term structure of interest rates should be graphed as a curve line of zero-coupon bonds, in fact, it describe the relationship between matures and coupon date. Using the date provided in the case, we can construct the following three yield curves: a. COUGARs Strip Yield Curve This is the adjusted COUGARs strip yield curve that takes the discounted ate (8. 11%) into account. The adjustment is necessary because the prices provided in Exhibit 1 are prices for settlement on December 6, 1983, while Treasury quotes are 20 days before, which is the date of November 16, 1983. The discount factor is 1. 0045, which is calculated as 1+8. 11%*20/360. The yield curve has an obvious upward trend before Nov. 1987 and then the curve keeps flat. To highlight the upward trend, our team set 8% as the minimum nu mber of the vertical axis. b. Treasury Coupon Yield Curve To build the treasury coupon yield curve, we select some bonds in the Exhibit2. We have eliminated those bonds with extremely low coupons and with multiple maturity designations. The treasury coupon yield curve also shows an upward trend before Nov. 1987. And then the curve stays flat as a whole and just fluctuates slightly. Also we set 8 as the minimum number of the vertical axis to highlight the trend of the yield curve. c. Implied Spot Yield Curve Because of the lack of data from May 1996 to Nov. 000, we can only build the implied spot yield curve from May 1984 to Nov. 1993. But the incomplete yield curve has successfully reflected the trend, moving upward and then keeping flat. According to the curves, we can observe that Strips yields show the yield of a separate zero-coupon security which is actually converted by coupon and principal payments of the Treasury bonds. Treasury coupon yield, which is the yield curve based on the treasury quotes, is the stated interest rates of a bo nd. The rates in three curves should nearly be the same. It is obvious to see that these three curves have the same trend as a whole. All of them go upward before Nov. 1987 and then stay flat. Treasure bond price : (300000000*11. 875%/11. 89%)*[1-1/(1+11. 89%)^20]=267944276 The value of United States Treasure Bond A. G Becker bought is 267944276. Then A. G Becker separated coupons from the principal of coupon bonds then sold the coupons to investors, each of these investments then paid a single lump sum. We can calculate the value of coupon: 300000000*11,875%/2=17812500. The value of coupon in each payment period equals to the face value of each zero coupon bonds. Investors bought the zero coupon bond at a price lower than par value. The fund A. G Becker collected in 1984 equals to sum of zero coupon bonds’ price. The difference between value of treasure bond and capital raised by zero coupon bonds is the value created through COUGARS. Capital raised by zero coupon bonds: 11. 875%/2*300000000*15. 30606=272639193. So we can easily see that the value created by COUGARS is 272639193. 8-267944276=4694917. 8. How to cite Cougars Case, Essay examples

The Graveyard Essay Research Paper The day free essay sample

The Graveyard Essay, Research Paper The twenty-four hours of the visit to the cemetery came on perchance the worst twenty-four hours of the twelvemonth. It was a black winter forenoon with the celestial spheres good and genuinely unfastened. The rain was intense and I was non looking frontward to stepping out of my auto into the cemetery. As expected, when I did step out I got highly wet. I started walking solemnly to the cemetery where both my Granddads ballad, still and peaceable. As I walked through the entryway Gatess I could see the mass of Gravess. I could see that the cemetery was acquiring Fuller by the twenty-four hours. Death was lying all around me. At the entryway I could see Gravess dating from 1885. This automatically made me believe of what life must hold been like. It made me believe how much engineering has changed but how small the human position of decease has changed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Graveyard Essay Research Paper The day or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These old Gravess were no different to those of modern twenty-four hours. They still tried to suit the individual # 180 ; s whole life into one little sentence. I had visited this really graveyard several times. I knew the exact place of both grampss # 180 ; Gravess and so the walk did non look far even in the rain. I was entirely in the graveyard, which helped concentrate my ideas towards the life and the dead. It made me believe that this was a good comparing between the Numberss populating in the universe and the figure of people that have died in this little town. I arrived at my first grampss grave aisle, believing about regard for the dead. I found it astonishing how we respect people more when they are dead than when they are alive. I can non understand this because people who are alive will see your regard and appreciate it. At the point where I reached the aisle I automatically walked down the Centre of the isle being careful non to step on one of the Gravess. Confusion set in when I started to believe about why I did this. I was taught from a comparatively immature age non to walk over Gravess. Merely now when I was truly believing about it did I wonder why I was making so. There was cipher around to judge me and my gramps was non traveling to state a batch about it. But I shortly came to the decision that it merely was done and therefore I would make the same. I stepped frontward standing straight in the center of the aisle starring at the solemn grave of my ascendant. It read: # 8216 ; Beloved Husband Father and Grandfather Called to rest on 16th September 1984 Aged 61 Old ages Peace Perfect Peace # 180 ; As I read through this little note of his life I thought to myself how much I would hold loved to hold met him. The narratives I heard were great but I was unluckily born one twelvemonth excessively tardily. As I was rolling through the cemetery I was believing about how the Gravess represent life. A new grave is good presented, polished and colorful. An old grave is dull, dark left for dead and sometimes even broken. This brought me on to believe that the lone ground we have headstones is so the life do non bury the dead. It made me think that holding a headstone makes the life think about you in your past province and non your current one, which is disintegrating and broken. This is non the manner a human being wants to retrieve their loved 1s. I so strolled over to the subdivision of the cemetery for kids. As I was making this I asked myself that if as we show so much regard to the dead and their headstones why do we so often refer to the topographic point as a pace. This word to me seems a really informal word and a gravegarden would look to be a much better word. I reached the childrens subdivision experiencing somewhat more bereft. I foremost came across the grave of a immature miss called Christine Philipa Wall. Her headstone read: # 8216 ; She loved simple joys She loved simple pleasances Our Black Marias retrieve And ever hoarded wealth # 180 ; This reminded me to non bury about the simple joys of life. For illustration, the human organic structure. I feel this is the most underestimated object in the universe. Peoples do non believe of the human organic structure as a great instrument. The human being sees that everybody has a organic structure but they do non see how great it is. Even the greatest scientists today could non do a human organic structure with all the great characteristics such as the limbs, which are all alone. I think it is underestimated because the human organic structure and head can accomplish about anything if the individual truly puts his or hers mind to it. I walked passed many Gravess but one in peculiar caught my oculus. It was the grave of a immature adult male named Christopher Michael Campbell. He died tragically aged 17. The word tragically caught my oculus and instantly made me believe how. I thought that the most likely ground for his decease would hold been a auto accident. He may hold been driving at the clip. I will neer cognize. Another grave caught my attending as it had a exposure on the headstone. It was a image of Martin John O # 180 ; Shea. In the exposure the immature male child had no hair. This made me believe that it was some sort of malignant neoplastic disease that had killed him. His grave said: A small voice is hushed And A small angel is born All our love ma, dada and household The words ma and daddy brought a tear to my oculus as these words are normally merely heard by the voice of a immature kid. Sing Gravess like this made me believe of how it must hold been for the parents when he was taken into the weaponries of God. You can non perchance believe this unless it happens to you. I looked towards a big grave, which contained three organic structures inside. One died at the age of 93, another at 87 but the 3rd was a mere 29 old ages old. This showed me that decease shows no form and the human being can decease at any phase of life. There are no warrants to life. It made me believe that the homo will neer be infallible and it made me believe that I excessively will fall in the long list of people that have died in the universe. I excessively will hold a headstone. And I excessively will hold my whole life squeezed onto a little piece of rock.

Advertising Variety Essays

Advertising Variety Essays Advertising Variety Essay Advertising Variety Essay The production of goods without quick sale is to no purpose. We have different kind of advertisement to promote sales. Advertisement gives information about new products, about health and safety is called informative advertisement. The kind of advertisement that persuades peoples to buy thing is called persuasive advertisement. Persuasive advertisement is directed to consumers who do not need to buy products very much. However, through effective advertisement they are brought round to buy them. Then there is deceptive advertisement. Deceptive advertising makes peoples believe products or goods to better then they are. When persuasive advertising becomes deceptive, the results are often negative. We look at the innumerable posters, notices, small boards and hoardings, huge boards on the outside of buildings and banners for advertisement at road crossings and street corners or in busy public places. At night the advertisement are well lit, and they seems to add glamour to the areas around. However, the large hoardings or billboards with pictures and slogans only block the view of natural scenery and restrict pennes. Advertisement is something of a necessity in the modern world of competition and conflicts. Firstly, they introduce the new products to the general public; for example, the public comes to know readily of some new medicines for diseases, effective techniques of constructing houses through companies having specialized knowledge. The government advertises its schemes and policies to inform the public and to make it participate in them. It has advertised in the past its new housing plans, saving schemes, educational policies, issue of identity card etc. Mom off and on. Advertisement in newspapers for job in government departments and private organizations are highly useful. They help the offices and agencies to get readily trained manpower from the public. They help the educated public to get jobs and production centers through newspaper advertisements. The education private sector mostly depends on advertisement and publicity to attract students to educational institute. Advertising of cigarettes, undesirable dress, expensive food, harmful soft drink and the time wasting games should be discouraged. Cosmetic and items of make-up that cause waste of time and money and also negative effect on the health should not be put up at public places. Any advertisement that effect health and character negatively and helps develop bad habits should immediately be disallowed by the government. The advertisement who misinform the public about their products and services and about those of their competitors should be tried in court of law and punished. There should be strict law for this, which carefully and forcefully implemented. Advertisement should be developed as an art that pleases and inform the peoples rightly about the best products and services. It should be not misused for popularizing of defective or expensive industrial goods, expensive luxuries, foreign products and even publications that can be harm full to the people in any way. Having investigated this branch we can made next conclusion: advertisement has become our need. For launch new products we have to advertise that product. And then that product will start running if that product has some quality.

The Role of Social Work in Discrimination Issues Essays

The Role of Social Work in Discrimination Issues Essays The Role of Social Work in Discrimination Issues Paper The Role of Social Work in Discrimination Issues Paper Essay Topic: Social Issues Social Issues Through the use of adequate studies done by social work experts as discussed in this paper, racial discrimination is referred both as an asset and weakness of a social organization designed to help the people in the communities. It is more often than not though that the lack of effective ways in facing the challenges of racial discrimination to an organization, many social groups fail in controlling the dilemma of the issue. As Anne Rosegrant Alvarez mentioned in her Article â€Å"A look at cultural diversity† that proper handling of disputes regarding racial discrimination within social organizations bring considerably fine results for both the association and the individual performance of each member towards the fulfillment of their goals as a group (2006, 13). The following are the six ways in which social workers are able to control if not completely eliminate the dreadful effects of racial discrimination to organizations aiming to serve the community. As these six practices are implied within the rules and regulations of the organization in dealing within the organization and with the people in the community, the goals of the organization is observed to have easier ways in achieving their goals as a group. These practices are as follows: Having oriented as social equalizers, the social workers become more capable of handling disputes and controlling both their fellow social workers and themselves in dealing with social discrimination. Seeing everyone as a part of an important purpose in the society helps every social worker to work well with their colleagues as well as serve all people of all races amidst all the differences they have against others. Having the aim to give pure and undoubted service to everyone also allows the social worker to serve the people with purpose, disregarding the accent or the color of the skin of any person they ought to serve in the community. Being considerate with what the person needs and not where the person cam from is also an important factor to be considered by the social workers. As repeatedly mentioned, the main focus of social groups is to be of service to others, and failing to do such an aim is a betrayal to the profession. Having fair views of everyone may not be that easy, especially if the person has significant cultural background that has a negative impact on the other. However, if both parties would be able to consider the fact that social work is bounded by love for one’s fellowmen, the hatred brought about by discrimination could as well be covered by concern for others welfare. Making the best out of one’s time and neglecting unnecessary details about senseless things could as well help a social worker see the importance of doing â€Å"first things first. These means that prioritizing social service above all could drown the ideas of racial discrimination completely. (Source: Gutierez, 2006, Pp 4, 5). Indeed, considering the six major practices of ethical social service given by an excellent social worker to his or her fellow workers and to the people, gives a promising successful result of hard work for a certain social group. As clearly seen, the researches have been able to put concrete and relevant details down into writing for the benefit of the social workers in enhancing their servicing skills. These informations were taken into consideration since they are all sourced out from people who have actually put the principles of social work into practice in their own experiences of rendering services to other people. Having been able to see the importance of proper handling of racial disputes and racial discrimination in both internal and external setting of the relationship of the social workers to the community, it is also important to know how effective the practices mentioned above are when it comes to actual practice of social service operations.

Letter of Advice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Letter of Advice - Essay Example It is important to note of the barriers that hinder effective communication and relationships. Most barriers in communication stem from self-protection. However, there are unavoidable circumstances, especially, if partners come from backgrounds that possess disparity (Wood, 2012). The intensity of the situation regards the level of disparity. The crucial thing for partners is that they realize these differences. In turn, they should be aware of how the same affects their communication. Individuals possess fears and insecurities that hinder one from wholly experiencing the benefits of a relationship. The light thing about these fears is that people learn about the same. This comes from the fact that partners may fear judgment from the same. Besides, they fear ridicule and appearing stupid in front of partners. This fear is coupled comes with the view that someone is sensitive of being overpowered. In this sense, fear impairs communication in notable ways. To begin with, a partner woul d not communicate true thoughts because one preempts what the other partner would like. This creates a situation where an individual stifles one’s emotions and thoughts. Another barrier of proper communication concerns with the case of insensitivity. It relates to inadequate care for a partner’s feelings. In addition, it entails inaccurate perception and portrayal of one’s feelings (Allen, 2002). It relates to detachment of an individual in the relationship until one becomes only preoccupied with oneself. It articulates as a case of personal insulation. Insensitivity expresses in notable ways. For instance, it comes as a method of diverting others’ concerns. In typical instances, one would turn a mutual conversation towards oneself. It deviates from the person who engages in talking. This occurs when a partner does not have proper listening skills. In certain instances, it comes as

Civil War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Civil War - Essay Example Back in the last decade of the 20th century, Somali was engrossed in a civil war. The mood on the ground was that the government of Siad Barre becoming too harsh to the people. Whether such claims were true or not, what followed was one of the longest and perhaps bloodiest civil war ever witnessed on the African continent. Probably the only country that had also been through such a long period of war is now the newly independent Southern Sudan. Thanks to Kenya and AMISOM (African Mission in Somali) troops, the Somali people recently voted in a new parliament that successfully voted for a new president. Things appear to be poised for changes but that is for history to judge. It is vital to analyze the context of the civil war in Somali prior to the recent developments. Such an analysis will take into consideration the humanitarian crisis. Even so, this is not to imply that the process towards a stable Somalia had been a smooth transition. The Somali civil war case has been one that ha s had far-reaching effects immediately after the overthrowing of Barre’s government in 1991. Being a country that is made up of clans, what erupted in the initial period was a contest for dominance by all the major clans. It was almost practically impossible trying to persuade any clan lord to visualize a united Somali with him on the periphery. I use "him" because under sharia law, some positions of leadership are gender governed and Somali being a predominantly Muslim nation, the rule applies (Munene, 2012).

RISK AND UNCERTAINTY FOR A FIRM ENTERING A FOREIGN MARKET. EXECUTIV

RISK AND UNCERTAINTY FOR A FIRM ENTERING A FOREIGN MARKET. EXECUTIV This report looks at Risk and Uncertainty as variables affecting a firm(s) in or entering foreign markets. From the onset it sets out to give an overview of the topic through a summary of risk that comes with the quest for expansion and further highlighting the motives for expansion which could be Market-lead, Capability-lead or Economics-lead. Risk refers to the likelihood and consequences of an undesirable occurrence(s). Uncertainty refers to doubt or indecision, and is inherent in company strategy as the future is never certain. Uncertainty Avoidance refers to the extent to which people can tolerate risk and uncertainty in their lives. This report then goes on to tackle the different Topic-related subjects as outlined by the contents page. It is my sincere hope that as you study this report it will prove to be a comprehensive framework for the subject matter at hand, of Risk and Uncertainty in relation to entering foreign markets. It also draws a distinction between the two variables that should be notable by the end of your study of this report. Yours Sincerely Jotham Mwale BA (HONS), BS STUDENT. METHODOLOGY The information used to compile this report is research-based and derived from a combination of learned knowledge, references from various updated management texts and windows internet explorer. INTRODUCTION Companies, in this day and Age, are on a quest to expand market share and profitability to achieve and maintain a position of competitive advantage. Globalization, as such, has been a strategy that many companies have adopted towards this end. Globalization refers to the linkages between markets that exist across national borders. This implies that what happens in one country has an impact on occurrences in other countries (Henry, p.260). However, the concepts of risk and uncertainty cannot be ignored even as we refer to globalization and companies urge to venture into it. There are many unknowns in the world of business, more so for international business. Organizations in international business or those seeking to venture into such or any other business are prone to face risk and uncertainty. Thus when a firm is entering a foreign market or internationally expanding for the first time there are many potential risks. This report tackles the question of the unknowns that firms are faced with when entering foreign markets, distinguishing between the concepts of risk and uncertainty. MOTIVES FOR EXPANSION INTO FOREIGN MARKETS A firm has various motives for expansion into foreign markets that would make it prone to risk. These motives may be Market-lead, Capability-lead or Economics-lead; Some Market-Lead motives are as follows; Globalization of markets and competition- this exerts pressure on the firm to adopt internationalizing strategies, and not just larger businesses. Internationalization of the Value Network. Exploiting differences between countries. Some Capability-Lead motives are as follows; Leveraging Capabilities- by doing this across its businesses in a number of countries, the firm is able to achieve competitive advantage. Enhancing Capabilities- through international acquisitions and strategic alliances the firm may acquire new capabilities. Enhancing Learning- entry into some markets, foreign inclusive, may enhance organizational learning. Some Economics-Lead motives (reducing costs) are as follows; Economies of Scale- the firm can derive economies by increasing the scale of its operations. Economies of Scope- by spreading costs over a larger output per unit costs may be reduced. RISK Assuming a firm is trying to enter the American market for the first time, it is bound to face a lot of challenges and risk, especially since it is one of the worlds biggest and active markets. Risk refers to the likelihood and consequences of an undesirable occurrence(s). A firm entering a foreign market like the American market for the first time will face risk. There are many potential risks that are posed on a firm on the verge/with the motive of venturing into a foreign market for the first time. Types of Risk POLITICAL RISK- there is potential threat to a companys operations in America due to the ineffectiveness and inefficiencies of the different political systems. For example, a change in governments from the republicans to the democrats would lead to a significant change in policies. Other laws and regulations that can affect a business in a foreign market are as follows; Revenue and tax laws as concerns remissions and what percentage of revenue is required to be ploughed back into the local economy of the foreign state. Laws on pollution limits. Tariffs, trade embargos and sanctions will also affect whether a business operate in a foreign market or not. Labor laws as concerns wages and pension. Health and safety laws. Laws as regards use of local material in production ECONOMIC RISK This is the potential threat to the firms operations in a country due to the economic policies and conditions in that country. In America, for example, interest rates may prove to be too high for a business that is coming from sub-Saharan Africa. Government economic policies such as; Monetary and Fiscal Policies will affect a business and can either be beneficial or a threat to them. CURRENCY RISK This is the potential threat to a firms operations in a country due to fluctuations in the local currencys exchange rates. The United States dollar is a strong currency and fluctuations in it have, and may prove either disastrous or beneficial to businesses the world over. MANAGEMENT RISK This is the potential threat to a companys operations in a country due to the problems that managers have making decisions in the context of foreign markets. Different countries have different cultures. Hosted identified four national cultures that would have an impact on management styles in different countries; Power distance- defining the extent to which a culture accepts different distribution of power within society. For cultures/nations with high power distance like France, Spain and Brazil; management style is autocratic with a lot of centralization, close supervision and top-down command chains. This must to be taken into account as venturing into such cultures without such knowledge would indeed prove risky or hazardous. Cultures like that of the United States and United Kingdom have less power distance and as such employees are more involved. Uncertainty avoidance- referring to the extent to which order, security and control are preferred to ambiguity, uncertainty and change. For nations with a high uncertainty avoidance culture, employees value task culture, written rules and regulations, and standardization. Deviance and/or ignorance of these values pose a threat to a firm wanting to operate in that nation. On the other hand, nations with a low uncertainty avoidance culture like the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia, value flexibility and creativity and greater variability. Deviance and/or ignorance of these values would place a firm operating within such a nation at a risky position. Individualism/Collectivism- referring to the preference to hire and work in an individualistic way (focusing on the I identity as opposed to the We identity) as is the case in the United States and the United Kingdom. Collectivism refers to countries that value organizational family, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and relationship over task; Japan. Deviance and/or ignorance of such values poses risk for a firm operating in such a nation. Masculinity/Femininity- Masculinity refers to the extent to which a society values attributes such as; Assertiveness Status Personal achievement These are masculine traits prominent in countries like the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. Feminine traits are those that emphasize on sympathy and service quality of life as is the case in Scandinavia and the Netherlands. Such values and traits need to be considered when venturing into a foreign market to avoid putting a firm at unnecessary risk. MARKET RISK- potential threat that a company faces by it being a part of a certain market. This risk can further be divided into; Industry risk Positioning risk Misys risk description according to their Annual Report on principal risks and uncertainties (2010) under the heading Business environment and market risks is as follows; As an international company, we operate across the globe and difficult or unexpected economic conditions in the markets we serve may affect the financial position of our customers and their willingness to commit expenditure. Other developments in the markets we serve may also impact the Group. The financial services sector is currently subject to regulatory review which could increase taxes on, or curtail certain of the activities of our customers leading them to reduce expenditure. Our Healthcare business is benefiting from the Healthcare Stimulus program in the United States, however, we must ensure that we comply with the requirements for meaningful use as defined by the United States Department of Health and Human Services across our healthcare product portfolio. In addition, we operate in highly competitive markets that are characterized by changing technology, industry standards and customer needs and by commercial pressures from customers. Four further classifications of risk as classified by Misy in their Annual Report (2010) are: Strategic Risk- which further embodies; Business environment and market risks Business strategy risks Operational Risk- which further embodies; People risks Product development risks Contract implementation and service level risks Business continuity risks IT risks Intellectual property risks Financial Risk- which embodies; Foreign exchange and interest rate risks Compliance Risk- which embodies; Legal and regulatory risks Strategy and Risk There are a number of strategies that can be employed in relation to risk, that is, the various types of risks. In response to positional risk this report considers the following strategies; The Strategy Clock The Strategy Clock (et al, p. 225) is a vital tool in determining the positioning of a firm. A firm entering a foreign market for the first time can assess which of the eight strategies/positions on the strategy clock to pursue, with full understanding of the risk that the various positions pose. Generic Strategy Needs/Risks No Frills Likely to be segment specific. Low Price Risk of price war low margins; need to be cost leader. Hybrid Low cost base reinvestment in low price differentiation. a) Differentiation; without price premium Perceived added value by user, yielding market share benefits. b) Differentiation; with price premium Perceived added value sufficient to bear price premium. Focused Differentiation Perceived added value to a particular segment, warranting price premium Increased price/standard value Higher margins if competitors do not follow; risk of losing market share. Increased price/low value Only feasible in monopoly situation. Low value/standard price Loss of market share. Porters Competitive Forces Porters 5 forces (1980) is another tool for positioning in relation to risk. The ideal situation (especially for a firm entering a foreign market for the first time) is one of low risk where; Bargaining power of buyers is low Bargaining power of suppliers is low Threat from potential entrants is low Threat from substitutes is low Competitive rivalry is low Why Companies Expand/Venture into Foreign Markets To spread business risk across a wider market base. It will not depend entirely depend on operations in domestic markets. To achieve/maintain core competences. To lower costs and enhance firms competitiveness. To gain access to new customers- expanding into foreign markets offers potential for increased revenue, profit and long-term relationships and growth, and becomes an especially attractive option when a companys home market is mature RISK MANAGEMENT It is important that risk is identified in advance, recorded and managed. A firm entering the United States market for the first time can do this using one of the following four strategies; Avoidance- where the factors that give rise to the risk are removed or the profit is undertaken. Reduction/Mitigation- these measures tend to reduce the likelihood and the consequence of the risk/risky event. Transference- where the risk is passed on to or stored in another party. Absorption- where potential risk is accepted in the hope that the consequences can be coped with if necessary. UNCERTAINTY Uncertainty refers to indecision or doubt over options. Uncertainty is inherent in a companys strategy, because nobody can be sure about the future or the stability of an economy. There is therefore even more uncertainty for firms in international business or those planning to enter foreign markets. Uncertainty Avoidance refers to the extent to which people can tolerate risk and uncertainty in their lives. People in societies with high uncertainty avoidance create institutions that minimize risk and ensure financial security. Companies emphasize stable careers and produce many rules to regulate actions and minimize ambiguity. Uncertainty Avoidance determines whether or not risk will be an issue for a company. Higher profits do come with greater risks and vice versa. Therefore for a firm entering the United States market for the first time will have to undertake risk management in order to identify risks and gauge whether or not they are able to tolerate whatever risks are discovered. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) Another option that companies wanting to enter a foreign market like that of the United States can consider is FDI. FDI is an internalization strategy in which the firm establishes a physical presence abroad by acquiring productive assets such as capital, technology, labor, plant and equipment. FDI is the most advanced expensive, complex and riskiest entry strategy that a firm could use. It is undertaken by and targeted at firms from both advanced economies and emerging markets. Some considerations relevant to choice of foreign market entry strategy are; Degree of control that the firm wants to maintain over decisions, operations, and strategic assets involved in a venture; Degree of risk that the firm is willing to tolerate, and the timeframe in which it expects returns; Organizational and financial resources (for example, capital, managers, technology) that the firm will commit to the venture; Availability and capabilities of partners in the market; Value-adding activities that the firm wants to perform itself in the market, and what activities it will leave to partners; Long-term strategic importance of the market CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION From the above analogy it can be derived that the question at hand has been adequately addressed. This report has affirmed that a firm will face unknowns in the world of business, more so in foreign/international markets. This report has also affirmed that risk is indeed a factor of concern for firms seeking to venture into such markets. It has significantly defined risk and highlighted a considerable range of types of risk. This report went further in even suggesting risk-related strategies and outlining the risk management framework. Uncertainty has also been addressed. It has also addressed the issue of FDI, its associated risks and how it is an option for venturing into foreign markets. The concept of uncertainty does not seem to hold as much water as that of risk. It would seem uncertainty is a by-product of risk as doubt or indecision over a promising/profitable venture would be sparked by the risk that comes with it. In conclusion, Risk cannot be avoided in business whether it is local or international. Risk is always present and can either be high, medium or low, but never absent. What differs is how tolerable different firms are to risk and how they individually manage their risk. I would recommend that firms engage in wide-scope risk management as even the smallest of risks can prove to be huge blows to competitive advantage. The business environment is turbulent, more so now than in the past years. It would be unwise to invest in business and not be able to make any profit whatsoever due to falling prey to unforeseen risks and subsequent consequences.

The Relevance of Sophocles to Today’s World :: Biography Biographies Essays

The Relevance of Sophocles to Today’s World A play is meant to entertain. A play that amuses the audience is considered a comedy, and a play that saddens is classified as a tragedy. Sophocles wrote tragedies about ordinary people and their interaction with fate. All of Sophocles’ major characters posses a heroic flaw. A heroic flaw is a trait that brings both good and bad events upon the character (Magill 3). Sophocles’ use of heroic flaws, the irony between a prophecy and a characters attempt to avoid it, his definition of what makes someone great, and his view of laws are the reasons why his plays are still read almost two thousand years after they were written. Sophocles was born in Colonus, Greece in 496 b.c.e. At the time of his birth, there was a legend about an exiled Theban king, Oedipus. It was said that Oedipus disappeared somewhere around Colonus, and because of this he protected the area (Magill 1). This tale was the source of three of Sophocles’ greatest plays: Oedipus the King, Oedipus at Colonus, and Antigone (Romilly 2). Sophocles’ involvement in theatre started at a young age. He sang in a chorus celebrating an Athenian naval battle. As an adult, Sophocles was credited with playing the lyre, a musical instrument, and he also played the lead role in one of his plays. However as he aged, he stopped appearing on stage because of his weakened voice. This ended the Greek custom of playwrights playing the lead role in their own plays (Magill 1). Sophocles won his first award for his plays at the festival of Dionysius in 648b.c.e. The other contender for this award was Aeschylus, an older and more experienced Greek playwright. A legend about this first victory states that because of high tensions over the competition, ten Athenian generals presented Sophocles the award instead of the customary ten government officials. Sophocles went on to win this award twenty more times, more frequently than any other playwright. When he did not win, he came in second. He never came in last place (Magill 2). A position in the government was a symbol of a person’s status in society. When Sophocles’ plays were at the peak of their popularity, he served as the head of the treasury and as a general for the city of Athens (Magill 2). Sophocles’ power, popularity, and the greed of his eldest son provide an insight into how he viewed himself.

Handlin vs. McNeill Essay

Although events in history occurred over a long span of time and development, history first became an academic subject a little more than 100 years ago (McNeill 12). Since then, a plethora of controversies appeared regarding how historians, scholars, and intellectuals should examine and analyze history. Among the initial methods of studying history was the scientific research method, or scientific source criticism, which fundamentally extracts valid, legitimate facts from a diverse range of historical sources. Throughout time, however, the facts derived from this method of historical study gradually altered, leading to a new method of historical study: using facts and combining them with opinions and goals to constitute personal interpretations. As Oscar Handlin zealously asserts, historians and scholars should provide a strict examination of history based on a chronological study of known and verifiable facts as opposed to using verifiable facts as the basis for their own interpretation, influenced by their own group, experiences, beliefs, and personal motives. Through implementing a strict examination of history, historians can successfully detect and eradicate bias in their writings, allow the government as well as individuals to gain an insight into the past in order to secure and progress the future, and grasp the magnitude of truth. First, because strict examination of history based on a chronology and conclusive evidence can aid in discerning bias from genuine fact, historians should utilize the scientific method of research. Although Oscar Handlin admits that historians are never â€Å"totally free of bias† (7), he does claim that removing facts from interpretations eliminates bias, opinionated statements, and fiction from history, which is supposedly the chief goal and use of history (Handlin 5). On the contrary, when scholars employ William McNeill’s method of investigating history through interpretation, biased and one-sided analyses emerge, and, therefore, scholars may elasticize actual truth to suit their purpose. Historians who use interpretation to depict history â€Å"are likely to select facts to show that we-whoever ‘we’ may be-conform to our cherished principles† (McNeill 16). Consequently, a fusion between fact and bias results, distorting the truth and leading to ignorance. Take, for instance, the example of Christopher Columbus. When examined through strict examination based on chronology and evidence,  historians determine truths including the fact that Columbus’s voyages increased Europe’s rate of expedition to the Americas and the fact that Columbus contributed to the horrifying genocide of Native Americans. These derived facts provide insight into two perspectives of Columbus, and so, it diminishes the threats of bias. However, when explored through interpretations to suit purpose or please the audience, historians exaggerate Columbus’s prominence by omitting the negative perspective mentioned above and using overarching descriptions, verifying the detriments of bias. Essentially, the scientific method of research assists historians in limiting the bias and opinion used in their writing to produce exact facts that do not serve to please the audience. In conclusion, when historians adhere to a specific study of history founded on chronology and corroborative facts, they can locate truth amidst clouds of speculation, myth, opinion, and bias, and they can use this truth to advance the human race. Rummaging through the treasure chest of historical sources and only selecting the jewels of absolute truth can facilitate the process of abolishing partiality and attaining objectivity and allow humans to use the past as a tool for enhancing the future. Handlin aggressively proclaims, â€Å"Truth is absolute; it is as absolute as the world is real† (5). If historians truly possess profound feelings and support for the success of humanity, it is crucial that they acknowledge Handlin’s statement. If McNeill’s views are adopted and excessively used, however, absolute truth and its advantageous properties may be lost forever, masked by interpretations involving a blend of fact, fiction, and ideology. By working in accordance and using the scientific method of research, humans can conquer subjective interpretations and win the war against â€Å"faction-a combination of fact and fiction† (Handlin 8).

Theme Of Faithfulness In The Odyssey - 958 Words

Themes are a very important concept of any story. Themes show what a story is all about. In the story, The Odyssey, there are quite a few important themes. Each one has a different meaning. The theme of faithfulness stands out the most in The Odyssey. Faithfulness is shown many different times in this story. Faithfulness is shown through Odysseus with his crew and family, Athena, and Penelope himself. All of these characters show faithfulness in different ways. Faithfulness is definitely a key trait to have that pays off in the end of every epic journey. Odysseus is an epic character full of many qualities. He is kindhearted, loving, loyal, and most of all faithful. Odysseus had to leave him family and kingdom behind to battle in the†¦show more content†¦The windbag is then opened by someone on accident and they lose their chance of getting home. Though, Odysseus is saddened by this he still tries his best to keep his crew safe and his family on his mind. Odysseus’s faithfulness will soon pay off. Trip planning, divine inspiration, and social advice are a few of the many gifts Athena aids Telemachus and his father with. Athena is a key figure throughout the entire Odyssey. She seems to see the incredible knowledge both Telemachus and Odysseus have. Athena sees this as an opportunity to aid the two. The goddess, Athena goes to Zeus and persuades them that the time has come for Odysseus to try and reunite with his beloved son. Telemachus on the other hand is gifted with the curiosity of his father. Athena gave him this curiosity to help them reunite. The faithfulness of Athena shines throughout every move both Telemachus and Odysseus makes. They both have the urge to find each other with Athena’s help. While Odysseus and his crew were stuck on Calypso’s island, Athena convinces Zeus to send Hermes there. Hermes tells Calypso that the time has come for her to let Odysseus free. Without Athena’s faithful help, Odysseus would have been stuck with Calypso foreve r. With Athena’s extraordinary help, Odysseus is able to eventually find his way home. Athena’s faithfulness will always be an important part to Odysseus’s epic journey. Penelope, the wife of the epic hero Odysseus. OdysseusShow MoreRelatedThe Aeneid And The Odyssey1547 Words   |  7 Pages â€Æ' The Aeneid and The Odyssey The Aeneid and The Odyssey are two of the most famous poems written in their time. While there are other poems that are also notable, these two poems are well known for showing strong battles between mythical creatures and strong heroes. Homer and Virgil have written incredible poems that have stood the test of time. The depth of their vision was beyond their time and is still used around the world thousands of years later to show honest, loyal, strong heroes. 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